Tag Archives: dental appointment

Why Summer is the Perfect Time to Schedule Your Child’s Dental Checkup

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on May 6, 2025

As the school year winds down and families start planning for summer vacations, camps, and activities, one important task often gets overlooked: your child’s dental checkup. At GPS Dental, we believe that summer is one of the best times to schedule dental visits for kids — and it’s not just because everyone’s schedules are a little more relaxed.

Let’s explore why summer is the perfect season to prioritize your child’s oral health, what to expect during a dental visit, and how you can set your child up for a healthy, confident smile heading into the new school year.

1. Summer = Schedule Flexibility

During the school year, it can be tough to squeeze in dental appointments without missing class or extracurriculars. Between homework, sports, and family obligations, your calendar is packed. But when summer rolls around, schedules open up, making it easier to:

Find a convenient appointment time
Bring in multiple children at once
Follow through with any needed follow-up treatments

At GPS Dental, we see a surge in family appointments during June and July — and we recommend booking early so you get your preferred time slot.

2. Prevent Problems Before the School Year Begins

Toothaches don’t wait for the weekend — and they certainly don’t wait for winter break. Scheduling your child’s exam during the summer gives us time to catch and treat any potential issues before they become emergencies. This includes:

Early signs of cavities
Gum inflammation
Crowding or bite issues
Problems with baby teeth not falling out on schedule

By addressing these problems early, we help your child avoid missed school days and stay focused on learning — not on dental pain.

3. Perfect Timing for Preventive Care

Summer is an ideal window for important preventive dental treatments like:

🛡️ Dental Sealants

These are thin, protective coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of molars to prevent cavities. Sealants are especially effective for school-age children who are just mastering their brushing skills.

💎 Fluoride Treatments

Fluoride strengthens enamel and helps prevent decay — especially important after a year of snacking, sipping, and possibly skipping proper brushing.

👄 Custom Mouthguards

If your child is playing sports (whether it’s baseball, basketball, or football), a custom-fit mouthguard helps protect their teeth from injury.

These quick, painless treatments can protect your child’s smile all year long.

4. Start Orthodontic Conversations Early

Did your child’s dentist mention a possible need for braces or clear aligners? Summer is a great time to begin the conversation.

If your child is age 7 or older and has not yet had an orthodontic evaluation, now is the time. Early intervention can help guide jaw development and prevent more serious alignment issues down the road.

GPS Dental offers orthodontic consultations and can help you explore your options — including traditional braces and SureSmile clear aligners for teens.

5. Avoid the Summer Sugar Trap

Let’s be honest: summer is full of sugary snacks, frozen treats, and sweet drinks. Popsicles, slushies, lemonade, soda, candy from the pool snack bar — they’re everywhere!

While an occasional treat is perfectly fine, an increase in sugar exposure (combined with less structured brushing routines) can lead to:

Plaque buildup
Increased risk of cavities
Early signs of enamel erosion

A summer dental cleaning gives us a chance to clean away any buildup and remind kids about good brushing habits — especially as they navigate summer indulgences.

6. Boost Confidence Before the First Day of School

There’s nothing like a clean, healthy smile to give kids a confidence boost. Whether your child is starting kindergarten or heading into high school, making sure they start the school year with a healthy mouth can help them:

Feel better about their appearance
Speak more confidently
Avoid embarrassment from dental discomfort

A simple cleaning and checkup can go a long way in building that back-to-school confidence!

7. Time for Treatment If Needed

If your child does need any dental work — such as fillings, a crown, or an extraction — summer gives you more time to complete treatment before school starts again.

Some procedures may require multiple appointments, or a little extra recovery time. Getting this done during summer avoids scheduling conflicts and reduces stress for both parents and kids.

What to Expect at Your Child’s Dental Visit

At GPS Dental, we make dental visits fun and fear-free. Here’s what a typical pediatric appointment includes:

A gentle cleaning to remove plaque and tartar
A thorough exam to check teeth, gums, and bite development
Digital X-rays (if needed) to spot problems we can’t see
A fluoride treatment to strengthen enamel
Tips and guidance on brushing, flossing, and nutrition
Time for parents to ask questions and get personalized advice

Our team is trained in working with children of all ages and will always go the extra mile to make your child feel safe and comfortable.

How to Prepare Your Child for Their Appointment

You can help set the stage for a positive dental experience with these simple tips:

Talk positively about the dentist (avoid words like “pain” or “shot”)
Let them bring a comfort item, like a small toy or stuffed animal
Read a book about going to the dentist to help ease fears
Plan something fun afterward, like a trip to the park or a movie

The goal is to make dental care a normal, even exciting, part of your child’s routine.

Book Early — Appointments Fill Fast!

Summer appointments are in high demand, and we want to make sure your family gets the care you need at a time that works for you. We recommend calling early to book your child’s checkup — especially if you have multiple kids or need late afternoon times.

Final Thoughts: Set Your Child Up for a Healthy School Year

Taking care of your child’s teeth now means fewer problems — and fewer interruptions — once school is back in session. At GPS Dental, we’re proud to support our community’s families by making dental care accessible, stress-free, and fun.

If it’s been more than six months since your child’s last exam, don’t wait! Summer is the perfect time to check in on their oral health, take care of preventive treatments, and kick off the school year with a smile that’s healthy and confident.

📞 Call GPS Dental today at 210-633-3477 to schedule your child’s summer checkup!

Dr. Gary P. Skrobanek is a dental implant dentist and his experienced, friendly team at GPS Dental offer affordable family dentistry and gentle dental care in the San Antonio, TX area. Our Brooks City Base dentist office is conveniently located and offers early morning appointment times Monday through Friday to meet your needs. At GPS Dental, we provide most dental services, from family and general dentistry to dental implants, sleep apnea, TMJ / TMD Treatment, cosmetic dentistry and much more. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Call us at (210) 633-3477 to make an appointment.

Preventative Dentistry: The Link Between Your Oral Health and Your Overall Well-Being

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on April 22, 2025

We are dedicating this blog to illuminating the path to optimal oral health and overall well-being. In the realm of dentistry, the adage ‘prevention is better than cure’ holds profound significance. Today, we embark on a journey to explore the transformative power of preventative dentistry, a cornerstone of dental care that not only safeguards your smile but can also potentially save your life. From routine cleanings to early detection of oral diseases, the proactive measures advocated in preventative dentistry serve as a formidable defense against a myriad of dental ailments, with far-reaching implications for your overall health and longevity. Join us as we unravel the compelling narrative of how prioritizing preventative care paves the way for a healthier, happier life.

What is Life Saving Preventative Dentistry and how can it save your life? In simple terms, your dental exam can expose and help diagnose gum disease and oral cancer early. Let’s discuss.

Your Dentist is a Super Hero

You know that seeing your dentist is important and helps keep your mouth healthy and clean, but did you know that getting regular dental checkups is the most important procedure against oral cancer? Your dentist is doing a lot more than just checking up on your smile and cavities.

Dr. Skrobanek is a Super Hero. The preventative dentistry he provides can detect early signs of cancer, gum disease, and other major health problems; not to mention the little problems that can be treated. All in all, preventative dentistry could just save your life.

The Test of Time with Life Saving Preventative Dentistry

Your smile was meant to last a lifetime. That’s why it’s so important to take care of your teeth, so they can function well and last as long as they’re supposed to. Ultimately, the best thing you can do for your teeth’s durability is seeing your dentist for life saving preventative dentistry that includes regular dental exams, cleanings, and oral cancer screenings.

According to the Oral Health Foundation, “Dental appointments shouldn’t just be made when you have a problem that needs to be addressed. Prevention is always better than needing a cure and there are plenty more reasons why it’s important to maintain regular visits to your local dental practice.”

Some of these reasons include:

Prevention of plaque, tartar, decay
Helps keep gum disease away
Checking for oral cancer and other health issues
Getting advice on your specific needs/oral health goals

Preventative dentistry focuses on dental care practices, good oral health, oral hygiene education, and early detection – which is what’s happening during your routine dental exam. So, your dentist may talk with you about what steps to take to avoid cavities, tooth decay, best oral health practices, and so on.

Oral Cancer Screenings

When your dentist does an oral cancer screening, they’re looking for abnormalities in the mouth tissue. This can be lumps, pimples, patches that are rough, or teeth placement changes. This is done both visually and by feeling around the mouth. Diagnosing oral cancer in its very early stages is critical because each year, over 7,500 deaths are caused by oral cancer alone.

The screening will be painless and easy, and it could be the difference of early detection or not. If something looks like it may be oral cancer, your dentist may suggest a biopsy of some tissue. Early detection can significantly increase the chances for a full recovery and can make treatment easier as well.

Learn more from The American Dental Association about Detecting Oral Cancer Early.

Your mouth is the gateway to your entire body and its health determines your overall health. We believe that brushing and flossing daily, and regular dental exams and cleanings are key to a beautiful smile and a happy, healthy you!

Overall Checkup and The Importance of Oral Health

Oftentimes, we don’t notice some oral health problems unless they cause us pain or discomfort. Maybe we have a signs and symptoms of a problem that we never would’ve noticed until later on, when issues have progressed.

The good news is, your dentist can look for multiple signs and symptoms that show in our mouths – such as oral cancer, Crohn’s Disease, and other serious health problems. So, when you get your regular dental exam, you’re doing so much more for your overall health and wellbeing than just getting your teeth cleaned. How amazing is that?

Early diagnosis through dental exams can sometimes determine health issues such as:

Crohn’s Disease
Diabetes
Oral Cancer
Anemia
GERD
Intense stress
Osteoporosis
Dementia
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Heart Disease

As you can see, Dr. Skrobanek offers life saving preventative dentistry each time you visit his office. That’s one of the main reasons we schedule your next appointment after your dental exam and cleaning, so we can help you manage your oral health and stay healthy.

10 Easy Steps to Improve Your Smile

A healthy smile isn’t always achieved overnight, but takes a variety of methods to help create and maintain. Here are 10 easy steps you can take to help improve the appearance and health of your teeth, mouth, and gums.

Brush your teeth twice a day
Floss every day
See your Hygienist twice each year
Stop Smoking
Drink plenty of water
Buy a quality toothbrush
Limit coffee, tea, and red wine
Choose whitening products carefully
Improve other health conditions
Get dental treatment in a timely manner

It can take some time before you start to notice changes from whitening or improved oral hygiene. While these changes don’t come overnight, they are certainly worth the time and effort, both for the sake of your smile and your overall health. You should also have regular dental checkups and cleanings. Why? Read more about “Why it’s important to schedule your dental exam twice a year”.

A Healthy Smile Can BOOST Your Immune System

You may not realize that a healthy smile can boost your immune system and don’t forget about the importance of healthy gums! They may not seem like the star of the show, but they’re just as important as every other part of your mouth, and have to be taken care of to maintain a bright and healthy smile. Even if you take care of your teeth and don’t have any cavities to worry about, you’re not immune to gum disease.

To learn more about Gum Disease, enjoy our blog: BOOST Your Immune System thru Oral Care and Gum Health

GPS Dental Offers Life Saving Preventative Care

That’s why our expert team at GPS Dental strives to educate our patients on healthy habits that can do more than keep your smile bright. Life saving preventative care is one of the main reasons it’s always important to see Dr. Skrobanek every 6 months for proper checkups at GPS Dental, so your he can check for all the signs of a healthy mouth. A healthy mouth, teeth and gums has all the makings for a beautiful smile!

The Link Between Stress and Oral Health: How Anxiety Affects Your Smile

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on March 25, 2025

STRESS!!!

Stress has become an inevitable part of modern life. From demanding jobs and busy schedules to personal challenges, it’s no surprise that stress can affect our overall well-being. But did you know that stress can also take a toll on your oral health? At GPS Dental, we often see the effects of stress in our patients’ smiles. In this blog, we’ll explore how stress impacts your oral health and what you can do to protect your smile.

How Does Stress Affect Oral Health?

When stress levels rise, your body responds in various ways. While many people experience headaches, muscle tension, or digestive issues, oral health is also frequently affected. Here’s how stress can harm your teeth, gums, and overall oral health:

1. Teeth Grinding and Jaw Clenching (Bruxism)

One of the most common oral health issues caused by stress is bruxism, or teeth grinding. Many people grind their teeth or clench their jaws unknowingly, often while sleeping. Over time, bruxism can lead to:

Worn-down enamel
Increased tooth sensitivity
Jaw pain or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders
Headaches and earaches

2. Gum Disease (Periodontitis)

Chronic stress can weaken your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off infections. This increases the risk of gum disease, which starts as gingivitis (inflamed gums) and can progress to periodontitis. Signs of gum disease include:

Bleeding or swollen gums
Persistent bad breath
Gum recession
Loose teeth

3. Canker Sores and Cold Sores

Emotional stress can trigger the appearance of canker sores, which are small ulcers that develop inside the mouth. Cold sores, caused by the herpes simplex virus, may also be exacerbated by stress. While they typically heal on their own, they can be painful and disruptive.

4. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Stress can reduce saliva production, leading to dry mouth. Saliva is essential for maintaining oral health as it helps wash away food particles and neutralize acids. A lack of saliva can increase the risk of cavities, gum disease, and bad breath.

5. Neglecting Oral Hygiene

When people are overwhelmed by stress, self-care routines often take a backseat. Skipping regular brushing and flossing or avoiding dental check-ups can lead to plaque buildup, tooth decay, and other oral health issues.

How to Manage Stress for a Healthier Smile

The good news is that managing stress effectively can improve both your mental well-being and your oral health. Here are some tips to reduce stress and protect your smile:

1. Practice Relaxation Techniques

Incorporate relaxation techniques into your daily routine to help reduce stress levels. Consider activities like:

Deep breathing exercises
Yoga or meditation
Progressive muscle relaxation
Taking a walk in nature

2. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

Even during stressful times, it’s essential to stick to a proper oral hygiene routine:

Brush twice a day using fluoride toothpaste.
Floss daily to remove plaque from between your teeth.
Rinse with an antibacterial mouthwash to reduce bacteria.

3. Wear a Nightguard

If you grind your teeth at night, wearing a custom nightguard can help protect your teeth and reduce jaw discomfort. Your dentist at GPS Dental can create a nightguard that fits comfortably and prevents damage.

4. Stay Hydrated

Drinking plenty of water can alleviate dry mouth symptoms and help maintain saliva production. Limit caffeine and alcohol consumption, as they can contribute to dehydration.

5. Visit Your Dentist Regularly

Routine dental visits are crucial for identifying stress-related oral health issues early. At GPS Dental, we provide comprehensive exams, professional cleanings, and personalized recommendations to keep your smile healthy.

Recognizing the Signs of Stress-Related Oral Health Issues

Be mindful of any signs that stress may be affecting your oral health. If you notice symptoms like jaw pain, sensitive teeth, or bleeding gums, don’t ignore them. Early intervention can prevent more serious issues from developing.

Final Thoughts

Stress is an unavoidable part of life, but it doesn’t have to compromise your oral health. By managing stress effectively and maintaining a consistent oral care routine, you can keep your smile strong and beautiful. At GPS Dental, we’re here to support your oral health every step of the way. Schedule your next appointment with us and let’s work together to ensure your smile stays bright, no matter what life throws your way.

Contact GPS Dental today to book your visit and learn more about how we can help you maintain excellent oral health!

The Impact of Vaping on Oral Health: What You Need to Know

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on March 11, 2025

In recent years, vaping has surged in popularity, especially among younger demographics. Marketed as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes have found their way into the daily routines of many. However, as dental professionals, it’s imperative to shed light on the lesser-known repercussions of vaping, particularly concerning oral health. At GPS Dental, we prioritize patient education to ensure informed decisions about overall well-being. This comprehensive guide delves into the effects of vaping on oral health, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy smile.

Understanding Vaping

Vaping involves inhaling aerosolized liquid from an electronic device, commonly known as an e-cigarette or vape pen. These devices heat a liquid—often containing nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals—to create an aerosol that users inhale. While they eliminate many harmful compounds found in traditional tobacco products, e-cigarettes introduce their own set of health concerns.

The Composition of E-Liquids

E-liquids, the substances vaporized in e-cigarettes, typically contain:

Nicotine: An addictive stimulant found in tobacco.
Propylene Glycol and Vegetable Glycerin: Used to create vapor; these substances can dehydrate oral tissues.
Flavorings: Chemical compounds that provide various tastes.
Other Additives: Chemicals that may have unknown health effects.

Vaping and Oral Health: The Hidden Dangers

While vaping might seem harmless, emerging research indicates several potential oral health risks:

1. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Propylene glycol, a primary component in e-liquids, is known to absorb moisture. Regular exposure can lead to dry mouth, reducing saliva production. Saliva is crucial for:

Neutralizing acids produced by bacteria.
Washing away food particles.
Preventing tooth decay and gum disease.

A decrease in saliva can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth, increasing the risk of cavities and oral infections.

2. Gum Inflammation and Disease

Nicotine, regardless of its source, constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the gums. This diminished circulation can result in:

Gingivitis: Early-stage gum disease characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed.
Periodontitis: Advanced gum disease leading to gum recession, bone loss, and potentially tooth loss.

Moreover, reduced blood flow impairs the gums’ ability to heal, exacerbating existing oral health issues.

3. Enamel Erosion and Tooth Decay

Many e-liquids contain flavorings that, when vaporized, produce acidic byproducts. These acids can erode tooth enamel, the protective outer layer of teeth. Once enamel is compromised:

Teeth become more susceptible to decay.
Sensitivity to hot and cold foods increases.
The risk of cavities escalates.

4. Oral Lesions and Potential for Cancer

The long-term effects of vaping are still under investigation. However, some studies suggest that certain chemicals in e-cigarette vapor may cause cellular changes in the mouth, potentially leading to oral lesions or an increased risk of oral cancer.

5. Bad Breath (Halitosis)

Dry mouth, combined with the accumulation of bacteria and debris due to reduced saliva flow, can result in persistent bad breath—a common complaint among regular vapers.

Comparing Vaping to Traditional Smoking

It’s essential to recognize that while vaping eliminates some harmful components found in traditional cigarettes, it is not without risks. Both habits introduce nicotine and other chemicals into the body, each carrying its own set of health concerns. From an oral health perspective, neither can be deemed entirely safe.

Recommendations for Vapers

If you choose to vape, consider the following steps to mitigate potential oral health issues:

Maintain Rigorous Oral Hygiene:
- Brush your teeth at least twice daily with fluoride toothpaste.
- Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth.
- Use an antimicrobial mouthwash to reduce bacterial load.
Stay Hydrated:
- Drink plenty of water to combat dry mouth and promote saliva production.
Regular Dental Check-Ups:
- Schedule biannual visits to GPS Dental for professional cleanings and examinations.
- Early detection of issues like gum disease or enamel erosion can prevent more severe problems.
Limit Vaping Frequency:
- Reducing the frequency of vaping sessions can decrease exposure to harmful substances.
Be Mindful of Symptoms:
- Pay attention to signs like gum bleeding, tooth sensitivity, or persistent bad breath, and seek prompt dental advice if they arise.

The Path Forward: Making Informed Choices

Understanding the potential oral health implications of vaping empowers individuals to make informed decisions. While more research is needed to fully comprehend the long-term effects, current evidence suggests caution. Prioritizing oral health by staying informed, practicing good hygiene, and seeking regular dental care is paramount.

Your Oral Health is Our Top Priority

At GPS Dental, your oral health is our top priority. As trends like vaping evolve, we remain committed to providing you with accurate information to safeguard your smile. If you have questions or concerns about vaping and its impact on your dental health, don’t hesitate to reach out. Together, we can navigate the path to a healthier, brighter smile.

Note: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a dental professional regarding concerns about your oral health.

Understanding Gum Disease: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on February 25, 2025

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common yet serious condition that affects the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and other health complications. At GPS Dental, we believe in educating our patients on the importance of gum health and providing effective treatments to keep your smile strong and healthy. Let’s discuss the causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment options for gum disease, as well as why maintaining healthy gums is essential for overall well-being.

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that support your teeth. It is caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. When plaque isn’t removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, leading to inflammation and infection in the gums. There are two main stages of gum disease:

1. Gingivitis (Early Stage)

Gingivitis is the mildest form of gum disease and is characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed when brushing or flossing. At this stage, the condition is reversible with good oral hygiene and professional dental cleanings.

2. Periodontitis (Advanced Stage)

If left untreated, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease. Periodontitis causes the gums to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected. This can lead to bone loss, loose teeth, and eventually tooth loss if not managed properly.

Causes and Risk Factors of Gum Disease

Several factors contribute to the development of gum disease, including:

Poor Oral Hygiene: Not brushing and flossing regularly allows plaque and tartar to build up, increasing the risk of gum infections.
Smoking and Tobacco Use: Smoking weakens the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections, including gum disease.
Genetics: Some individuals are more genetically prone to gum disease, even if they practice good oral hygiene.
Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy, menopause, and other hormonal fluctuations can make gums more sensitive and susceptible to gum disease.
Chronic Health Conditions: Diabetes, heart disease, and autoimmune disorders can increase the likelihood of developing gum disease.
Poor Diet: A diet lacking in essential nutrients, particularly vitamin C, can weaken gum tissue and make it more vulnerable to infection.

Signs and Symptoms of Gum Disease

Recognizing the early signs of gum disease can help prevent severe complications. Common symptoms include:

Red, swollen, or tender gums
Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
Persistent bad breath
Receding gums (gums pulling away from teeth)
Loose or shifting teeth
Pain when chewing
Pus between teeth and gums

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s essential to visit a dentist as soon as possible for evaluation and treatment.

How to Prevent Gum Disease

Preventing gum disease is easier than treating it. Here are some key steps to maintaining healthy gums:

1. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

Brushing twice a day and flossing daily can help remove plaque and prevent tartar buildup. Using an antibacterial mouthwash can also help reduce bacteria in the mouth.

2. Visit Your Dentist Regularly

Professional cleanings and exams every six months allow your dentist to detect early signs of gum disease and remove tartar that cannot be eliminated by brushing and flossing alone.

3. Quit Smoking

Tobacco use is a significant risk factor for gum disease. Quitting smoking can greatly improve gum health and overall oral health.

4. Eat a Balanced Diet

Consuming a diet rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin C and calcium, can strengthen your gums and teeth.

5. Manage Health Conditions

If you have diabetes or other chronic conditions, keeping them under control can reduce your risk of gum disease.

Treatment Options for Gum Disease

If gum disease has already developed, several treatment options are available depending on its severity:

1. Professional Dental Cleanings

For patients with mild gingivitis, professional cleanings and improved oral hygiene may be enough to reverse the condition.

2. Scaling and Root Planing

This deep cleaning procedure removes plaque and tartar from below the gum line and smooths the roots of the teeth to promote healing.

3. Antibiotic Therapy

Antibiotic mouth rinses or gels can help control bacterial infections in the gums.

4. Laser Therapy

Laser treatment is a minimally invasive procedure that removes infected tissue and promotes gum healing.

5. Surgical Treatments

For advanced periodontitis, surgical procedures such as gum grafts or flap surgery may be necessary to restore gum tissue and bone support.

The Connection Between Gum Disease and Overall Health

Research has shown that gum disease is linked to several systemic health conditions, including:

Heart Disease: Bacteria from gum infections can enter the bloodstream and contribute to heart problems.
Diabetes: Gum disease can make it harder to control blood sugar levels, increasing the risk of complications in diabetic patients.
Respiratory Issues: Bacteria from the mouth can be inhaled into the lungs, leading to respiratory infections or worsening conditions like COPD.
Pregnancy Complications: Pregnant women with gum disease may be at a higher risk for premature birth and low birth weight.

Trust GPS Dental for Your Gum Health

At GPS Dental, Dr. Skrobanek and his expert team are dedicated to helping our patients maintain healthy gums and prevent gum disease. Our team provides comprehensive periodontal care, including early detection, deep cleanings, and advanced treatment options. If you’re experiencing symptoms of gum disease or want to schedule a routine checkup, contact us today. Together, we can protect your smile and overall health for years to come!

National Children’s Dental Health Month: Building Healthy Smiles for a Lifetime

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on February 11, 2025

February is National Children’s Dental Health Month, a time dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of oral health in children. At GPS Dental, we believe in educating families on the best practices for maintaining strong, healthy teeth from an early age. Good oral hygiene habits established in childhood set the foundation for a lifetime of beautiful smiles. Let’s explore the importance of children’s dental health, common concerns, and practical tips for parents to ensure their little ones maintain optimal oral hygiene.

Why Children’s Dental Health Matters

Oral health is a critical part of a child’s overall well-being. Healthy teeth and gums allow children to eat, speak, and smile with confidence. Poor dental hygiene can lead to cavities, gum disease, and even affect a child’s overall health. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), tooth decay is one of the most common chronic childhood conditions, affecting nearly 1 in 5 children aged 5 to 11 years.

Dental problems can cause pain, difficulty eating, and even impact school performance. Studies show that children with poor oral health are more likely to miss school and experience a decline in academic performance. This is why early prevention and education are key components in ensuring lifelong dental wellness.

Common Dental Issues in Children

1. Cavities (Tooth Decay)

Cavities, or dental caries, are the most prevalent dental issue in children. They occur when bacteria in the mouth break down sugars, producing acids that erode the tooth enamel. Factors that contribute to cavities include poor brushing habits, excessive consumption of sugary snacks, and a lack of fluoride.

2. Gum Disease

Gingivitis, the early stage of gum disease, can occur in children who do not practice proper oral hygiene. Symptoms include swollen, red, or bleeding gums. If left untreated, gum disease can progress, leading to more severe oral health issues in adulthood.

3. Tooth Sensitivity

Some children may experience discomfort when eating hot, cold, or sweet foods due to enamel erosion or cavities. Sensitivity can be a sign of underlying dental problems that should be addressed by a dentist.

4. Malocclusion (Misaligned Teeth)

Orthodontic concerns such as overcrowding or misalignment can develop as children grow. Early dental visits help monitor their teeth alignment and determine if orthodontic treatment may be necessary.

5. Thumb-Sucking and Pacifier Use

While common in infants and toddlers, prolonged thumb-sucking or pacifier use can lead to misaligned teeth and bite issues. Parents should encourage children to stop these habits by age 3 to avoid dental complications.

Tips for Parents: How to Maintain Your Child’s Oral Health

1. Establish a Daily Brushing Routine

Encourage your child to brush their teeth twice a day. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush appropriate for their age and supervise brushing until they can do it effectively on their own.

2. Introduce Flossing Early

Flossing should be introduced as soon as your child has two teeth that touch. It helps remove plaque and food particles from between teeth, preventing cavities and gum disease.

3. Maintain a Healthy Diet

A balanced diet plays a significant role in dental health. Limit sugary snacks and drinks, such as candy, soda, and fruit juices. Instead, encourage water, dairy products, and nutrient-rich foods like fruits and vegetables.

4. Schedule Regular Dental Checkups

Routine visits to the dentist are essential in detecting and preventing dental issues early. Your child should see a dentist every six months for cleanings and checkups.

5. Protect Their Teeth During Sports

If your child participates in sports, consider getting a custom mouthguard to prevent dental injuries.

6. Make Oral Hygiene Fun

Turn brushing and flossing into a fun activity by using colorful toothbrushes, flavored toothpaste, or a reward system for maintaining good oral hygiene.

The Role of GPS Dental in Your Child’s Oral Health

At GPS Dental, we are committed to providing gentle and comprehensive dental care for children of all ages. Our team focuses on preventive care, education, and early intervention to ensure that your child develops healthy oral hygiene habits. We create a comfortable and stress-free environment so children can enjoy their dental visits.

If it’s time for your child’s dental checkup, schedule an appointment with us today. Let’s work together to promote healthy smiles for life!

Happy National Children’s Dental Health Month!

Sleep Apnea Impacts Your Health in More Ways than Snoring!

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on June 4, 2024

Sleep Apnea impacts your health in more ways that just snoring! According to estimates, 50 million to 70 million people in the U.S. have ongoing sleep disorders and sleep apnea is extremely common with over 18 million adults experiencing a form of sleep apnea every night according to the National Sleep Foundation. Sleep apnea can be caused from multiple factors, such as obesity, large tonsils, a small airway, smoking, alcohol use, and more. Whatever the reason of sleep apnea, it causes pauses of breathing during a sleep cycle. This means that when you have sleep apnea, you could be waking up multiple times throughout the night and losing sleep.

What happens to your body when you sleep (or try to sleep)?

As you rest, your body becomes less tense because your muscles relax. Sleep is the time when your body heals and repairs itself to prepare you for the following day. However, Sleep Apnea impacts your health and can cause sleep to be problematic, because it limits their ability to rest and restore their bodies properly.

Primary symptoms of the disorder are irregular breathing, excessive snoring, and occasional breaks or pauses in breathing, which occur due to the complete relaxation of the throat muscles or airway blockage.

Other symptoms may include:

constant fatigue
depression
chronic headaches
high blood pressure
obesity
complications during pregnancy

If these symptoms are left dismissed, and sleep apnea persists, heart failure, heart attack, high blood pressure, stroke, death, and other serious health issues can result.

It may even be indicative of other serious underlying health issues such as:

diabetes
neurological illness
mental illness
heart disease

Want to know more about SLEEP?? Here are 100 Sleep Statistics, including facts and data about sleep in 2023, according to SleepFoundation.org.

Big Three: Types of Sleep Apnea

While usually following a similar pattern, identifying and classifying your specific type of sleep apnea is indeed a crucial part of resolving the disorder, as sleep apnea impacts your health, can have multiple causes, and can manifest itself in several different variations.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea:

Obstructive sleep (or OSA) apnea is without doubt, the most common form of sleep apnea, as it affects approximately 3.6 million Americans today. However, despite such staggering statistics, it is believed that only 10% of those suffering from OSA recognize the symptoms and actively seek treatment for the condition, thereby leaving most suffers untreated.

Some of the signs and symptoms of OSA are:

Noticeably loud snoring
Headaches
Dry mouth
Excessive drowsiness or sleepiness throughout the day
Repeated shortness of breath (abrupt awakenings) while asleep

Generally, the root cause of OSA, is attributed to relaxation of muscles while asleep, during which the tongue may cause a partial blockage of a person’s airway.

Central Sleep Apnea:

As opposed to being something of a mechanical problem like OSA, central sleep apnea (or CSA) is more of a muscle signal or miscommunication problem that originates within the brainstem. Although considerably less prevalent than OSA, CSA should not be taken lightly as it may likely be indicative of serious underlying health issues such as heart failure or Parkinson’s Disease.

Common symptoms of CSA may include:

Chronic fatigue
Poor concentration
Depression
Snoring
Shortness of breath
Repeated abrupt awaking

With the central nervous system compromised, both voluntary and involuntary muscle movement becomes increasingly restricted, therefore causing interruptions in involuntary actions such as breathing. This can be particularly problematic during sleep, as the suffer may repeatedly experience abrupt awakenings while attempting to rest, as a natural reaction to the sudden lack of oxygen.

Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome:

The final and as its name implies, most severe and advanced form of sleep apnea is complex or mixed sleep apnea syndrome. Complex sleep apnea (or perhaps more appropriately referred to as Mixed Sleep Apnea) is a combination for both OSA and CSA, and typically presents symptoms of both. Often in the cases of complex sleep apnea, a sufferer should seek immediate treatment as the standard of living with this condition may deteriorate rapidly. (e.g. going for too long without the adequate amount of sleep).

A Review of Sleep Apnea Symptoms

When you lose sleep due to sleep apnea, you can experience a multitude of symptoms. We often associate loud snoring with sleep apnea, as it is sometimes a sign of breathing issues. If you or a loved one experiences any of these symptoms, it may be time to talk with your doctor and your dentist about sleep apnea. Are you beginning to understand why Sleep Apnea impacts your health?

Information from the Mayo Clinic and Types of Sleep Apnea.

Common Sleep Apnea Symptoms:

Loud snoring
Excessive sleepiness and fatigue throughout the day
Trouble concentrating
Gasping for air during sleep
Dry mouth
Headaches in the morning after waking up
Depression
Irritability

If these sleep apnea symptoms are left untreated for a long period of time, they could lead to more serious health complications, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, and more.

More on Sleep Apnea Symptoms from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

Are Children Affected by Sleep Apnea?

The short answer is: YES!! According to sleepforkids.org, 13 percent of children from ages 6 to 11 are overweight. While these age groups should be getting between 10-11 hours of sleep per night, obesity can cause these numbers to go down due to sleep apnea. So, what exactly is sleep apnea and how is it affecting our children? And for children, can sleep apnea impacts your health too?

Can children develop sleep apnea? Read more HERE.

What Causes Sleep Apnea?

The overall success in treating sleep apnea remains relatively high; however, the rate of success depends heavily on finding the exact cause of the disorder and selecting the best method of treatment.

Various causes can contribute to sleep apnea. However, one of the most common causes of this disorder is obesity; as fat deposits that accumulate around the neck place pressure on the throat, limiting the body’s ability to breathe sufficiently. Large tonsils are also a cause of sleep apnea as they tend to obstruct the passage of air into and out of the body.

Other sleep apnea causes include premature births and genetic syndromes that impact facial structures such as congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Heart and kidney failure, PCOS, hypothyroidism, and conditions that interfere with the brain’s signals can also contribute to a person’s development of sleep apnea.

Related Article: How Would You Know if You Suffer from Sleep Apnea?

Treatments for Sleep Apnea

If you are experiencing the common symptoms of sleep apnea, your dentist or doctor may ask you to participate in a sleep study to monitor your breathing throughout the night. They may ask you about your medical history or perform a physical exam to reach a diagnosis. Remember, more than your sleep can be affected by sleep apnea.

Once a diagnosis is confirmed, there are multiple treatment options for sleep apnea, including:

Weight loss
Surgery
Mouthpieces
Breathing devices
Mouth therapy

Research shows that oral appliance therapy, or a mouth guard, is an effective treatment option for sleep apnea and snoring. At GPS Dental, we know Sleep Apnea impacts your health and we take sleep apnea very seriously. Our FDA-approved mouthguards can help open your airway and support your jaw when sleeping. Talk to Dr. Skrobanek to see what treatment is right for you and begin your path to a better night’s sleep!

Home Remedies for Sleep Apnea from Healthline.

Dr. Gary P. Skrobanek’s experienced and friendly team at GPS Dental offers affordable dental care for all ages in San Antonio, TX area. Our Brooks City Base dentist office is conveniently located and offers early morning appointment times Monday through Friday to meet your needs. At GPS Dental, we promote dental health awareness to our patients and provide most dental services, from family and general dentistry to dental implants, sleep apnea, TMJ / TMD Treatment, cosmetic dentistry and much more. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Call us at 210-633-3477 to make an appointment.

Awareness: Importance of Oral Cancer Screening During Exam

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on May 21, 2024

We feel that awareness is crucial and it’s always timely to highlight the importance of getting your oral cancer screening during exam. Oral cancer is a serious condition that can affect any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and throat. Early detection is key to successful treatment, and regular dental visits play a critical role in catching issues early. In this blog, we’ll discuss the signs and symptoms of oral cancer, the importance of early detection, and how routine dental check-ups can help save lives.

Understanding Oral Cancer

Oral cancer refers to cancers of the mouth and the oropharynx, which is the part of the throat at the back of the mouth. According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 54,000 people in the United States will be diagnosed with oral or oropharyngeal cancer this year, and around 10,850 will die from these diseases. The survival rates for oral cancer have improved with early detection and advanced treatments, but the overall five-year survival rate remains at about 65%.

Signs and Symptoms of Oral Cancer

Recognizing the early signs and symptoms of oral cancer can significantly improve outcomes. Here are some common symptoms to watch for:

Persistent Mouth Sores: A sore in the mouth that doesn’t heal within two weeks.
Lumps or Thickening: Any lumps, bumps, or thickening of the tissue in the mouth or neck.
Red or White Patches: Unexplained red or white patches on the gums, tongue, tonsil, or lining of the mouth.
Unexplained Bleeding: Bleeding in the mouth without an apparent cause.
Numbness or Pain: Persistent pain, tenderness, or numbness in the mouth or lips.
Difficulty Chewing or Swallowing: Trouble moving the jaw or tongue, or feeling like something is caught in the throat.
Changes in Voice: Persistent hoarseness or a change in voice.
Ear Pain: Pain in one ear without hearing loss.
Dramatic Weight Loss: Unexplained weight loss can be a symptom of many types of cancer, including oral cancer.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical advice promptly. Early diagnosis can make a significant difference in the effectiveness of treatment.

The Importance of Early Detection

Oral cancer screening during exam can provide early diagnosis of oral cancer which can dramatically improve the chances of successful treatment and survival. When oral cancer is detected early, the five-year survival rate is around 84%. However, if the cancer is not detected until it has spread to other parts of the body, the survival rate drops to 29%.

One of the most effective ways to detect oral cancer early is through Oral cancer screening during exam. Dentists are often the first to notice signs of oral cancer during routine exams, which is why maintaining regular dental check-ups is crucial.

How Regular Dental Visits Can Save Lives

During a dental visit, your dentist will conduct an oral cancer screening as part of a comprehensive examination. This screening typically involves:

Visual Examination: The dentist will visually inspect your mouth for sores, red or white patches, and other abnormalities.
Physical Examination: The dentist will feel the tissues in your mouth and throat for lumps or irregularities.
Additional Tests: If the dentist notices anything suspicious, they may recommend further tests, such as a biopsy, to determine if the area is cancerous.

Regular dental visits ensure that any changes in your oral health are monitored over time, increasing the likelihood of catching cancer early. This proactive approach can lead to earlier intervention and more effective treatment options.

Risk Factors for Oral Cancer

Understanding the risk factors for oral cancer can help individuals take preventive measures. Common risk factors include:

Tobacco Use: Smoking and using smokeless tobacco are the most significant risk factors for oral cancer.
Alcohol Consumption: Heavy alcohol use increases the risk, especially when combined with tobacco use.
HPV Infection: Human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16, is linked to oropharyngeal cancers.
Sun Exposure: Excessive sun exposure increases the risk of lip cancer.
Age: The risk of oral cancer increases with age, particularly after age 50.
Diet: A diet low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk.
Gender: Men are twice as likely to develop oral cancer as women.

By being aware of these risk factors, individuals can make lifestyle changes to reduce their risk and stay vigilant for symptoms.

For the Sake of Your Health, Schedule Your Dental Exam

Oral cancer is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, but early detection with oral cancer screening during exam can significantly improve outcomes. Regular dental visits play a critical role in identifying the early signs of oral cancer, allowing for prompt and effective treatment. During Oral Cancer Awareness Month this May, take the time to learn about the signs and symptoms of oral cancer, understand the importance of early detection, and schedule a screening with your dentist. By prioritizing oral health and staying informed, you can help protect yourself and your loved ones from the dangers of oral cancer.

For more information on oral cancer and to schedule a screening, visit your dentist or contact your local dental association. Early detection saves lives—don’t wait until it’s too late.

Dr. Gary P. Skrobanek is a dental implant dentist and his experienced, friendly team at GPS Dental offer affordable family dentistry and gentle dental care in the San Antonio, TX area. Our Brooks City Base dentist office is conveniently located and offers early morning appointment times Monday through Friday to meet your needs. At GPS Dental, we provide most dental services, from family and general dentistry to dental implants, sleep apnea, TMJ / TMD Treatment, cosmetic dentistry and much more. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Call us at (210) 633-3477 to make an appointment.

Your Oral Health: Personalized Dental Care is Important

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on October 24, 2023

GPS Dental Offers a Personalized Approach

Why is it important to have a personalized approach to dental care instead of a cookie-cutter approach? A personalized approach to dental care is essential for several reasons, as it offers distinct advantages over a cookie-cutter or one-size-fits-all approach:

Individualized Treatment Plans: Every patient has unique oral health needs, risk factors, and treatment goals. A personalized approach allows dentists to create customized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s specific requirements, addressing their immediate concerns while considering their long-term oral health.
Early Detection and Prevention: Personalized dental care emphasizes preventive measures and early detection of oral health issues. Dr. Skrobanek and his team can identify potential problems and intervene before they become more severe, helping patients avoid costly and complex treatments.
Patient Comfort and Trust: Building a strong patient-dentist relationship is fundamental to effective care. A personalized approach fosters trust and open communication, making patients feel comfortable discussing their concerns, asking questions, and actively participating in their treatment decisions.
Optimized Treatment Outcomes: By tailoring treatment plans to individual patients, the GPS Dental Team can optimize treatment outcomes. This leads to better results, improved oral health, and greater patient satisfaction.
Respect for Patient Preferences: Personalized care respects each patient’s preferences, including their treatment preferences, budget considerations, and any specific dental anxieties they may have. Dr. Skrobanek works in partnership with patients to make informed decisions about their care.
Cost-Effective Care: Although personalized care may involve a detailed assessment and treatment planning, it often leads to more cost-effective care in the long run. By addressing issues early and tailoring treatments, patients can avoid more extensive and expensive interventions.
Educational Opportunities: The GPS Team provides patients with personalized oral health education. This education is crucial for patients to understand their unique risk factors and the specific steps they need to take to maintain their oral health.
Specialized Care: Some individuals may require specialized dental care due to medical conditions, age, or specific dental needs. A personalized approach ensures that patients receive the appropriate care and referrals to specialists when necessary.
Adaptation to Changing Needs: Over time, a patient’s oral health needs may change. A personalized approach allows for ongoing adjustments to the treatment plan, ensuring that it remains relevant and effective.
Prevention of Over-Treatment: In a personalized approach, the focus is on addressing only what is necessary. This helps prevent over-treatment, which can occur in a cookie-cutter model driven by financial incentives.
Ethical Patient-Centered Care: A personalized approach is consistent with ethical principles that prioritize the best interests of the patient. This approach is integral to maintaining the ethical standards of the dental profession.
Overall Health Considerations: A personalized approach also considers a patient’s overall health and how oral health is interconnected with systemic health. Dr. Skrobanek and his expert team can provide guidance on the links between oral health and conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and more.

In summary, a personalized approach to dental care ensures that patients receive treatments and recommendations tailored to their unique needs and preferences. This approach results in better oral health outcomes, increased patient satisfaction, and a higher standard of care that respects both the individuality of patients and ethical principles.

GPS Dental is Accepting New Patients

If you’re looking for a new dental home that offers personalized dental care, Dr. Skrobanek and his Team at GPS Dental look forward to meeting you during your dental exam and cleaning. Preventative dental care and dental exams can detect signs of disease elsewhere in the body. Experts say infections inside your mouth can cause health problems in other parts of the body and signal diseases such as leukemia and diabetes. You may want to think twice before delaying your dental checkup, as you could be delaying early diagnosis.

Painful Dental Emergency: We Can Get You OUT OF PAIN!

Posted by Genny Skrobanek on April 25, 2023

Toothaches, or any kind of ache really, are never fun to experience. We thought we’d take a look at some common dental emergencies and the importance of seeing your dentist if you may be experiencing any toothaches, oral pain or are suffering from a painful dental emergency. Remember, if you’re overdue for a dental appointment, call us today to get that scheduled and stay on top of your oral health, which can help avoid some dental emergencies in the future.

How to Tell It’s a Dental Emergency

Not every situation is a painful dental emergency, but it’s important to know when you need to call your dentist right away. If you’re unsure, ask yourself these questions:

Are you in severe pain?
Are you bleeding from the mouth?
Do you have a loose tooth/teeth?
Do you have an infection?
Have you lost a tooth?
Are you experiencing major swelling in the face or mouth?

In general, if you need to stop any major bleeding, pain, or save a tooth – there’s no doubt you’re dealing with a dental emergency. Let’s take a look at some of the more common dental emergencies we see.

5 Most Common Dental Emergencies

Broken Crown – If a dental crown falls off or completely breaks, it leaves your tooth very vulnerable. Schedule with us quickly to possibly avoid a root canal or extraction.
Knocked-out Tooth/Teeth – If you’ve ever had a tooth knocked out, you know what a shock that can be. When you act quickly after a tooth has been knocked out, it’s possible that we may be able to reinsert your tooth. Pick up the tooth carefully, try not to touch the root, and gently rinse. Try to reinsert the tooth into the socket. If you can’t, place in a small container of milk until you see your dentist.
Unexplainable Toothache – If you have a sudden, out-of-the-blue toothache, it’s important to reach out quickly to discover the source of the pain. While over-the-counter pain meds and a cold compress can help temporarily, it’s good to get to the source of the pain sooner rather than later; your odds of a minor fix will be much greater the faster you see your dentist.
Bleeding or Swollen Gums – Some minor bleeding or irritation here and there is usually just fine and not concerning. However, if your gums won’t stop bleeding and is accompanied with swelling, it can often mean there’s an underlying health or dental issue that needs to be addressed.
Food or Object Lodged in Teeth – If an object or stubborn piece of food gets lodged, brushing and flossing won’t help. Get professional help quickly to remove the food/object and prevent any decay or irritation.

Related Article: Handling Dental Emergencies

Let’s Talk Toothaches

Toothaches are tricky — they can feel like a minor tinge or they can cause crippling pain. That’s why we want to share some common toothache causes, their symptoms and when you should seek help from your dentist if you are suffering from a painful dental emergency because of a toothache.

Q. What is the definition of a toothache?

A. Pain or inflammation in or around the tooth, often caused by tooth infection or decay.

Q. What are common toothache causes?

A. A toothache can have causes that are not due to underlying disease. Toothache causes may include getting something stuck in between the teeth, flossing, biting into something hard, or braces. Remember, in children, tooth pain is a regular part of the developmental process.

Common Toothache Causes:

Tooth decay
Abscessed tooth
Tooth fracture or broken tooth
Sensitive Teeth
Damaged filling
Infected gums or gum disease
Inflammation of tooth pulp
Impacted tooth
Repetitive motions, such as grinding teeth or chewing gum
Sinus congestion or infection (non-dental related issues)

Common Symptoms of a Toothache:

Tooth pain that may be constant, throbbing, or sharp
Bleeding or discharge from around a tooth or gums
Headache or fever
Trauma or injury to the area
Cold or hot sensitivity when eating or drinking
Swelling in your jaw or around the tooth
Tooth pain while chewing
Pain results only when pressure is applied to the tooth, for some people
Foul-tasting drainage from the tooth infection

We Provide Same-Day Emergency Services

Your Dental Pain is Our TOP Priority … call us today at 210-633-3477

If you are suffering from a painful dental emergency, we offer Emergency Dental Appointments, because we know they are more than just an everyday dental issue. If you’re dealing with pain or injury, it’s important to be seen right away. Our philosophy on dental emergencies is very simple “If you need toothache relief or another type of dental emergency, you are first in line… PERIOD.” Our office in San Antonio, TX is open Monday through Friday, 7 AM-5:30 PM, and our talented Dr. Skrobanek will be there to provide urgent dental care. We are willing to come in early, stay late, and even work through lunch to get you in, treated and comfortable again. Give us a call at 210-633-3477 … we can get you out of pain.

Dr. Gary P. Skrobanek’s experienced and friendly team at GPS Dental offers affordable dental care for all ages in San Antonio, TX area. Our Brooks City Base dentist office is conveniently located and offers early morning appointment times Monday through Friday to meet your needs. At GPS Dental, we promote dental health awareness to our patients and provide most dental services, from family and general dentistry to dental implants, sleep apnea, TMJ / TMD Treatment, cosmetic dentistry and much more. We accept most dental insurance plans and offer affordable financial solutions for any budget. Call us at 210-633-3477 to make an appointment